By Alex on June 21st, 2007 | last modified by Alex on January 23rd, 2020
Sep 02, 2014 While, Do While and For loops - Decision making and looping Statement In C Programming Hindi - Duration: 20:15. Tutorial ladder 125,169 views. Output: Statement 1 Statement 2 Statemnet 3 Statement 4 Statement 6 Statement 7 Statement 8 Statement 9 Statement 10 End of Program. Goto Statement The goto statement is a jump statement which jumps from one point to another point within a function. Introduction to goto Statement in C. Goto statement is a jump control statement that make use of goto keyword to control the flow of the program by jumping to. Reason to Avoid goto Statement. The goto statement gives power to jump to any part of program but, makes the logic of the program complex and tangled. In modern programming, goto statement is considered a harmful construct and a bad programming practice. The goto statement can be replaced in most of C program with the use of break. The goto statement in C is an unconditional jump statement used for transferring the control of a program. It allows the program’s execution flow to jump to a specified location within the function. There are two ways to call the goto statement. C supports a unique form of a statement that is the goto Statement which is used to branch unconditionally within a program from one point to another.Although it is not a good habit to use the goto statement in C, there may be some situations where the use of the goto statement might be desirable.
The goto statement is a control flow statement that causes the CPU to jump to another spot in the code. This spot is identified through use of a statement label. The following is an example of a goto statement and statement label:
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 | #include <cmath> // for sqrt() function intmain() doublex; std::cout<<'Enter a non-negative number'; gototryAgain;// this is the goto statement std::cout<<'The sqrt of '<<x<<' is '<<sqrt(x)<<std::endl; } |
In this program, the user is asked to enter a non-negative number. However, if a negative number is entered, the program utilizes a goto statement to jump back to the tryAgain label. The user is then asked again to enter a new number. In this way, we can continually ask the user for input until he or she enters something valid.
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In the section on variables, we covered three kinds of scope: local (block) scope, file scope, and global scope. Statement labels utilize a fourth kind of scope: function scope. The goto statement and its corresponding statement label must appear in the same function.
There are some restrictions on the use of goto statements. For example, you can’t jump forward over a variable that’s initialized in the same block as the goto:
2 4 6 8 | { intx=5; x+=3;// what would this even evaluate to? } |
In general, use of goto is shunned in C++ (and most other high level languages as well). Edsger W. Dijkstra, a noted computer scientist, laid out the case in a famous but difficult to read paper called Go To Statement Considered Harmful. The primary problem with goto is that it allows a programmer to cause the point of execution to jump around the code arbitrarily. This creates what is not-so-affectionately known as spaghetti code. Spaghetti code is code that has a path of execution that resembles a bowl of spaghetti (all tangled and twisted), making it extremely difficult to follow the logic of such code.
As Dijkstra says somewhat humorously, “the quality of programmers is a decreasing function of the density of go to statements in the programs they produce”.
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Goto statements are common in some older languages, such as Basic or Fortran, and even used in C. However, in C++, goto statements are almost never used, as almost any code written using a goto statement can be more clearly written using other constructs in C++, such as loops, exception handlers, or destructors (all of which we’ll cover in future lessons).
Rule: Avoid use of goto statements unless necessary
Goto Statement In C
5.5 -- While statements |
Index |
5.3 -- Switch statements |